What is stress? Give examples of the four basic types of stress.

  1. What is stress? Give examples of the four basic types of stress.
  2. List and define some of the more commonly used defense mechanisms. What are the two primary characteristics of defense mechanisms? What is PTSD?
  3. List and explain the three characteristics of hardy people. How do optimistic and pessimistic people differ in their reaction to stressful events? Explain resilience (hardiness) in relation to stress.