What is Design For Value, DFV, and how is value different from cost?

What is Design For Cost, DFC, and how can costs be estimated?
What is Design For Value, DFV, and how is value different from cost?
How can a product be easy to manufacture (DFM) and assemble (DFA)?
How do Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA), Fault Tree Analysis
(FTA), and Design For Reliability (DFR) help eliminate failures?
Can products be designed that are easy to test (DFT) and measure (DFM)?
What can a designer do to protect the environment (DFE)?