Determine the chemical formula for each of the following molecules. What are the two isomeric formulas that you come up with (6 points)?

Chemistry by Geoffrey
  1. Mimicking Molecules (13 points total).
    1. Dioxin and diphenyl ethers are two compounds that mimic the thyroid hormone, causing endocrine disruption in the body. Which two functional groups do all three have in common? Circle the common functional groups for all three molecules (6 points)

 

Thyroid hormone

 

Dioxin

Diphenyl ether

Adenosine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps regulate sleep. Caffeine blocks adenosine uptake in the brain, thus promoting wakefulness/psychoactivity. What functional group do adenosine and caffeine have in common? Circle all occurrences of this functional group among the two molecules (7 points)

 

Identifying esters (6 points). Circle the esters present in each molecule.

 

Butyl acetate (apple)

 

 Ethyl butyrate (pineapple) Ethyl butyrate (pineapple)
Methyl phenylacetate (honey) Ethyl cinnamate (cinnamon) Geranyl acetate (rose)

Isomers (8 points total)

  1. Determine the chemical formula for each of the following molecules. What are the two isomeric formulas that you come up with (6 points)?
  2. Categorize the molecules into two isomer groups/isomer formulas you came up with in part a (2 points).

Solubility of vitamins (5 points total). Which one is fat soluble (1 point)? Which is water soluble (1 point)? Why? (3 points)

Vitamin C

 Vitamin D

 

Match the structural formula with the line angle formula (8 points). You can draw lines between the matching structures or write the correct pairs (i.e., 1a, 3c, etc.)

 

1 a

 
2 b
3 c
4 d