Section 1: In a single paragraph, state your thesis and explain any technical terms. The thesis itself is simply a single sentence that you are going to argue is true. "God" is not a topic (That's a topic.) "God exists" is a thesis. What counts as a technical term? Simple – if there is anything in your thesis that a reasonable person might say, "What do you mean by that word?" then explain it.
Section 2: In a single substantial paragraph or two, explain what the disagreement is about – why do reasonable people disagree about this issue? What does each side typically say? Your goal at this point should be neutrality, fairness, and clarity – don't make one side of the other sound like they don't know what they are talking about. When you do that, readers just assume that you don't really understand your opponent's view.
Section 3: Argue for your thesis. This is anywhere from one to three paragraphs where you explain your strongest argument for your thesis. I strongly urge you not to offer multiple arguments; when that happens, students tend to offer superficial arguments, none of which get developed in any detail.
Section 4: Here's what separates the top papers from the rest: show that you really understand your opponent's view by offering an explanation of how your opponent might object to your view, and then replying to that objection. Use a real, strong, legitimate objection, not a weak one that you just shoot down. Your thesis is the most persuasive when you can show that you understand your opponent's strongest objection and you can reply to that objection. This doesn't have to be long or complicated. Just offer 1 or 2 of the strongest objections, and reply to each.
What should you NOT have in your paper?
1. You don't need an introduction beyond simply stating your thesis and defining any terms. If you have a very simple thesis without any technical terms, sometimes your first paragraph will be nothing but your thesis statement.
2. You don't need a conclusion. Let section 4 above be your conclusion – it's a much stronger end to your paper than just some kind of summary or review.
What should you ALWAYS remember to do in your paper?
