Anatomy
Kinesiology; human anatomy
Discuss route of blood flow from arteries to veins
- Discuss the structure of blood vessels and capillaries
Learning Objectives
Introduction to Anatomy
- Explain the route of blood flow from arteries, to capillaries to veins
- Be able to identify and name the different layers of blood
vessels
- Explain the different types of capillaries Describe the structural and functional properties of cardiac muscle and explain how it differs from skeletal muscle.
For each of the following, state whether it applies to skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, or both:
- refractory period is almost as long as the contraction
- source of Ca2+ for contraction is only SR
- has troponin
- has triads
- has better capacity for aerobic respiration
Quick Quiz
For each of the following, state whether it applies to skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, or both:
- refractory period is almost as long as the contraction cardiac
- source of Ca2+ for contraction is only SR skeletal
- has troponin cardiac & skeletal
- has triads skeletal
- has better capacity for aerobic respiration cardiac
Quick QuizAnswer the following questions:
- Intercalated discs consist of ___________ and
________.
- Cardiac muscle has _____________ (greater/fewer)
mitochondria per cell than skeletal muscle
- Find the terminal cisternae on this picture:
Quick Quiz
Name the components of the intrinsic conduction
system of the heart, and trace the conduction
pathway.
- Describe the extrinsic innervation of the heart
- Answer the following questions:
- Intercalated discs consist of desmosomes and gap
junctions.
- Cardiac muscle has greater (greater/fewer)
mitochondria per cell than skeletal muscle
- Find the terminal cisternae on this picture:
exist
- Describe the timing and events of the cardiac
cycle
- Describe normal heart sounds
Match the pictures on the left with the phases of
the cardiac cycle on the right:
Quick Quiz
- Ventricular filling
Match the pictures on the left with the phases of
the cardiac cycle on the right:
Quick Quiz
- Ventricular filling
b
c
a
Heart produces
sounds that can be
correlated to its cycle
– Basic rhythm of the
heart is “lub-dup”
- First sound “lub”
represents closing of
atrioventricular valves
- Second sound”dup”
represents closing of
semilunar valves
Heart Sounds
- What is the function of the papillary muscles and
chordae tendineae?
- What are the four stages of the cardiac cycle?
Which stage marks the shift from systole to
diastole?
- The second heart sound is associated with the
closing of which valve(s)?
Quick Quiz
- What is the function of the papillary muscles and
chordae tendineae?
P-muscles tighten CT; prevents prolapse of AV valves
- What are the four stages of the cardiac cycle?
Which stage marks the shift from systole to
diastole?
Ventricular filling, IV-contraction, ventricular ejection
and IV-relaxation; momentary period between
ventricular ejection and IV-relaxation
- The second heart sound is associated with the
closing of which valve(s)?
Closing of semilunar valves at beginning of diastole
Quick Quiz
Cardiac Output: Stroke
Volume & Heart Rate
Cardiac Cycle Regulation
- Name and explain the effects of various factors
regulating stroke volume and heart rate.
- Discuss the origin(s) of imbalances in cardiac
output
What problem of cardiac output might ensue if the
heart beats too fast for an extended period, that
is, if tachycardia occurs?
- After running to catch a bus, Josh noticed that his
heart was beating faster than normal and was
pounding forcefully. What can increase both HR
and SV?
Quick Quiz
- What problem of cardiac output might ensue if the heart beats too fast for an extended period, that
is, if tachycardia occurs?
Time for ventricular filling decreases, which
eventually decreases end diastolic volume (preload),
stroke volume and ultimately cardiac output
- After running to catch a bus, Josh noticed that his
heart was beating faster than normal and was
pounding forcefully. What can increase both HR
and contractility?
