Energy production by mitochondria and Photosynthesis by chloroplast. In this discussion, you will be looking at how these organelles evolved. According to the endosymbiotic theory, these organelles such as plastids (chloroplast) and mitochondria were taken up by another cell by the process of endocytosis. This is the evolutionary theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic organisms. Watch this video to learn more https://youtu.be/4LhBZ2H5SwM
In the table below, two eukaryotic organelles are shown – Organelle A and Organelle B.
Both organelles belong to a eukaryote. Do one or both organelles (A and B) have more similarities with eukaryotes or prokaryotes? Provide at least two reasons to support that.
Which of these are mitochondria and which is chloroplast? Provide evidence to support that.
As you know if bacteria enter the human body or for that matter any organism, it is destroyed. In your opinion, why was the organelle not destroyed and underwent endosymbiosis for the evolution of eukaryotes? Share your knowledge of energy production and photosynthesis with organelles from the chapter and state the reason in your own words.
Cell Type
Eukaryote
Prokaryote
Organelle A
Organelle B
DNA
Organized into chromosomes
Single loop
Single loop
Single loop
Ribosomes
80S
70S
70S
70S
(S- sedimentation coefficient)
50-500
1-10
1-10
1-10
Size (microns)
Yes
No
No
No
Cell Nucleus
Yes
No
No
No
Replication
Mitosis
Binary fission
Binary fission
Binary fission
Inner Membrane
Contains flattened sacs called thylakoids
Contains folds called cristae.
