Why are the curriculum elements important in elementary classes?

curriculum elements of the map of pedagogical knowledge

Why are the curriculum elements important in elementary classes?
Discuss those three elements
Overachieving objectives:
what are the general learner outcomes or “big picture” goals of the teaching and learning?
Planning:
How can planning help both students and teachers ?
Differentiated instruction:
How should the lessons be introduced?
What does student centered means?
How should the lesson be closed?
What different techniques and strategies can be used to engage students?